Lab ID: PTL-0047
Title: VLSM Address Plan Fault Investigation
Status: TESTED_PASS (Verified live in Cisco Packet Tracer 9.0.1 via MCP loopback bridge automation)
1. Packet Tracer Topology Construction Manifest#
To construct or manually verify this topology in Cisco Packet Tracer:
Device Inventory#
| Device Role | PT Device Model | Display Name | Modules / Slots |
|---|---|---|---|
| Branch Gateway Router | Cisco 4331 ISR | R1 | 3 Onboard GE ports (Gi0/0/0, Gi0/0/1, Gi0/0/2) |
| HQ Gateway Router | Cisco 4331 ISR | R2 | 3 Onboard GE ports (Gi0/0/0, Gi0/0/1, Gi0/0/2) |
| Engineering Switch | Cisco Catalyst 2960-24TT | SW-Eng | 24 FastEthernet + 2 GigabitEthernet ports |
| Sales Switch | Cisco Catalyst 2960-24TT | SW-Sales | 24 FastEthernet + 2 GigabitEthernet ports |
| Server DMZ Switch | Cisco Catalyst 2960-24TT | SW-DMZ | 24 FastEthernet + 2 GigabitEthernet ports |
| Engineering PC | PC-PT | PC-Eng1 | FastEthernet0 (192.168.100.10/26, gw 192.168.100.1) |
| Sales PC | PC-PT | PC-Sales1 | FastEthernet0 (192.168.100.70/27, gw 192.168.100.65) |
| Enterprise Web Server | Server-PT | Srv-Web | FastEthernet0 (192.168.100.98/28, gw 192.168.100.97) |
Physical Cabling Matrix#
| Link ID | Source Device | Source Port | Destination Device | Destination Port | Cable Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L-01 | R1 | GigabitEthernet0/0/0 | SW-Eng | GigabitEthernet0/1 | Copper Straight-Through |
| L-02 | R1 | GigabitEthernet0/0/1 | SW-Sales | GigabitEthernet0/1 | Copper Straight-Through |
| L-03 | R1 | GigabitEthernet0/0/2 | R2 | GigabitEthernet0/0/2 | Copper Crossover |
| L-04 | R2 | GigabitEthernet0/0/0 | SW-DMZ | GigabitEthernet0/1 | Copper Straight-Through |
| L-05 | SW-Eng | FastEthernet0/1 | PC-Eng1 | FastEthernet0 | Copper Straight-Through |
| L-06 | SW-Sales | FastEthernet0/1 | PC-Sales1 | FastEthernet0 | Copper Straight-Through |
| L-07 | SW-DMZ | FastEthernet0/1 | Srv-Web | FastEthernet0 | Copper Straight-Through |
2. Positive Verification Test Matrix#
| Test ID | Objective | Command / Procedure | Expected Result | Pass Criteria |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| POS-01 | R1 Interface Addressing & Mask Validation | R1# show ip interface briefR1# show interfaces |
Gi0/0/0 is 192.168.100.1/26 (255.255.255.192), Gi0/0/1 is 192.168.100.65/27 (255.255.255.224), Gi0/0/2 is 192.168.100.113/30 (255.255.255.252), all up/up. |
Interface IP addresses and prefix masks adhere to VLSM plan |
| POS-02 | R2 Interface Addressing & Mask Validation | R2# show ip interface briefR2# show interfaces |
Gi0/0/0 is 192.168.100.97/28 (255.255.255.240), Gi0/0/2 is 192.168.100.114/30 (255.255.255.252), all up/up. |
Server DMZ and WAN interfaces adhere to VLSM plan |
| POS-03 | Engineering LAN Gateway Reachability | PC-Eng1> ping 192.168.100.1 |
4/4 echo replies received with 0% packet loss. | Intra-subnet communication between PC and local gateway verified |
| POS-04 | Sales LAN Gateway Reachability | PC-Sales1> ping 192.168.100.65 |
4/4 echo replies received with 0% packet loss. | Intra-subnet communication between PC and local gateway verified |
| POS-05 | Inter-Router WAN Transit Reachability | R1# ping 192.168.100.114 |
5/5 echo replies received with 100% success rate (!!!!!). |
Point-to-point transit link operational |
| POS-06 | End-to-End Enterprise Ping (PC-Eng1 -> Srv-Web) | PC-Eng1> ping 192.168.100.98 |
4/4 echo replies received with 0% packet loss. | Multi-hop routed connectivity across WAN transit link verified |
| POS-07 | End-to-End Enterprise Ping (PC-Sales1 -> Srv-Web) | PC-Sales1> ping 192.168.100.98 |
4/4 echo replies received with 0% packet loss. | Multi-hop routed connectivity across WAN transit link verified |
3. Negative & Fault Tolerance Test Matrix#
| Test ID | Fault Scenario | Injection Procedure | Observed Symptom | Recovery Procedure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NEG-01 | Starter State: Broadcast Address Host Assignment | In starter topology, test ping from PC-Eng1 (192.168.100.63) to remote server Srv-Web (192.168.100.98). |
Ping returns Request timed out (100% loss). .63 is the directed broadcast address of 192.168.100.0/26; routers drop routed packets to/from broadcast addresses. |
Reconfigure PC-Eng1 with valid usable host IP 192.168.100.10 and subnet mask 255.255.255.192. |
| NEG-02 | Starter State: Subnet Mask Truncation on Gateway | In starter topology, execute show interfaces GigabitEthernet0/0/1 on R1 and ping gateway 192.168.100.65 from PC-Sales1 (192.168.100.85). |
Router reports Internet address is 192.168.100.65/28 (255.255.255.240) instead of /27 (255.255.255.224), truncating host capacity to 14 hosts and isolating PC-Sales1 (100% loss). |
Reconfigure R1 Gi0/0/1 with ip address 192.168.100.65 255.255.255.224, and set PC-Sales1 to 192.168.100.70/27. |
4. Reload and Persistence Verification#
completed.pktreloaded cleanly viaipc.appWindow().fileOpen().- Routers
R1andR2preserved startup configurations from NVRAM across reload. - Full end-to-end reachability across all four VLSM subnets confirmed after reload.
- Reopened
starter.pktcleanly and confirmed initial faulted state is intact for learner exercise.